ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona puhi o PVC he paʻakikī ke puhi, hoʻopau koke ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke ahi, ʻo ka lapalapa he melemele a keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a palupalu ka plastic i ka wā e ʻā ai, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻala hoʻonāukiuki o ka chlorine.
ʻO ka polyvinyl chloride resin he plastic multi-component.Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole e like me nā hoʻohana like ʻole.No laila, me nā haku mele like ʻole, hiki i kāna mau huahana ke hōʻike i nā ʻano kino kino a me nā ʻano mechanical.No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā huahana palupalu a paʻakikī me ka plasticizer a i ʻole.Ma keʻano laulā, loaʻa i nā huahana PVC nā mea maikaʻi o ka paʻa kemika, ke kūpaʻa ahi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana iā ia iho, ke kū kūʻē, ka walaʻau a me ka haʻalulu elimination, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka insulation uila maikaʻi, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, nā kumu ākea ākea, ka paʻa o ka ea maikaʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ke kūpaʻa wela a me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻelemakule ma lalo o ka hana o ka māmā, ka wela a me ka oxygen.ʻO ka resin PVC ponoʻole ka meaʻawaʻawa.Inā hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana i hana ʻia i nā plasticizers non-toxic, stabilizers a me nā mea kōkua ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e pōʻino i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā plasticizers a me nā stabilizer i hoʻohana ʻia i nā huahana PVC i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma ka mākeke.No laila, koe wale nō nā huahana me nā ʻano mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i mea ʻai.
1. Hana kino
ʻO ka resin PVC kahi thermoplastic me ke ʻano amorphous.Ma lalo o ke kukui ultraviolet, hoʻopuka ka PVC paʻakikī i ka ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo ʻulaʻula a i ʻole poni, ʻoiai ʻo PVC palupalu e hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻulaʻula uliuli a i ʻole polū keʻokeʻo.Ke 20 ℃ ka mahana, ʻo ka index refractive he 1.544 a ʻo ka gravity kikoʻī he 1.40.ʻO ka nui o nā huahana me ka plasticizer a me ka mea hoʻopihapiha maʻamau i ka laulā o 1.15 ~ 2.00, ʻo ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu PVC palupalu he 0.08 ~ 0.48, a ʻo ka puʻupuʻu paʻakikī he 0.03 ~ 0.08.ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai o PVC ma mua o 0.5%.
ʻO ka waiwai kino a me ka mechanical o PVC e hilinaʻi ʻia i ke kaumaha molekala o ka resin, ka ʻike o ka plasticizer a me ka filler.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o ka resin, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā waiwai mechanical, ke kū anuanu a me ke kūpaʻa wela, akā koi ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻana, no laila paʻakikī ke hana;ʻO ke kaumaha molekala haʻahaʻa ke kū'ē i nā mea i luna.Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mea hoʻopihapiha, hoʻemi ka ikaika tensile.
2. Hana wela
ʻO ka wahi palupalu o ka resin PVC kokoke i ka mahana decomposition.Ua hoʻomaka e decompose ma 140 ℃, a decomposes wikiwiki loa ma 170 ℃.I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ke kaʻina hana maʻamau o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā hōʻailona kaʻina hana nui ʻelua no ka resin PVC, ʻo ia ka decomposition temperature a me ka thermal stability.ʻO ka mahana i kapa ʻia ʻo decomposition ka mahana i ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka nui o ka hydrogen chloride, a ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo thermal stability ka manawa i hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻia ai ka nui o ka hydrogen chloride ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana wela (maʻamau 190 ℃).E hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka plastik PVC inā e ʻike ʻia i ka 100 ℃ no ka manawa lōʻihi, ke ʻole e hoʻohui ʻia ka alkaline stabilizer.Inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 180 ℃, e decompose wikiwiki ia.
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahana o ka nui o nā huahana plastik PVC ma mua o 55 ℃, akā hiki ke piʻi i ka 90 ℃ ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahana o ka PVC plastic me ka ʻano kūikawā.E paʻakikī nā huahana PVC palupalu i ka wela haʻahaʻa.Loaʻa i nā molekala PVC nā ʻātoma chlorine, no laila, ʻo ia a me kāna copolymers ka mea maʻamau i ka lapalapa ahi, hoʻopau iā ia iho a me ka kulu manuahi.
3. Paʻa
ʻO ka polyvinyl chloride resin he polymer paʻa ʻole, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma lalo o ka hana o ka māmā a me ka wela.ʻO kāna kaʻina hana e hoʻokuʻu i ka hydrogen chloride a hoʻololi i kona ʻano, akā i kahi liʻiliʻi.I ka manawa like, e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka decomposition i mua o ka ikaika mechanical, oxygen, ʻala, HCl a me kekahi mau ion metala ikaika.
Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka HCl mai ka resin PVC, hana ʻia nā kaulahao pālua conjugated ma ke kaulahao nui, a e loli pū ke kala.Ke piʻi nei ka nui o ka hydrogen chloride decomposition, hoʻololi ka resin PVC mai ke keʻokeʻo a i melemele, rose, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi.
4. Hana uila
ʻO nā waiwai uila o PVC e hilinaʻi ʻia i ka nui o nā koena i loko o ka polymer a me ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole i ke ʻano.Hoʻopili pū ʻia nā waiwai uila o PVC i ka hoʻomehana: ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka PVC, e hoʻemi ʻia kona insulation uila ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ion chloride.Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nui o nā ion chloride e ka alkaline stabilizers (e like me nā paʻakai alakaʻi), e hoʻemi nui ʻia ko lākou insulation uila.ʻAʻole like me nā polymers non-polar e like me ka polyethylene a me ka polypropylene, hoʻololi nā waiwai uila o PVC me ke alapine a me ka mahana, no ka laʻana, e emi ana kona mau dielectric me ka piʻi ʻana o ke alapine.
5. Nā waiwai kemika
He kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa ka PVC a he waiwai nui ia e like me ka mea anticorrosive.
Paʻa ka PVC i ka hapa nui o nā ʻakika a me nā kumu.ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wā e wela ai a e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hoʻokuʻu i ka hydrogen chloride.Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi huahana unsaturated brown insoluble e azeotropy me ka potassium hydroxide.ʻO ka solubility o PVC e pili ana i ke kaumaha molekala a me ke ʻano polymerization.ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, e emi ana ka solubility me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaumaha o ka polymer molecular, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka solubility o ka resin lotion ma mua o ka resin suspension.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā ketones (e like me cyclohexanone, cyclohexanone), nā mea hoʻoheheʻe aromatic (e like me toluene, xylene), dimethylformyl, tetrahydrofuran.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka resin PVC i nā plasticizers i ka lumi wela, a ʻoi loa ka pehu a hoʻoheheʻe paha i ka wela kiʻekiʻe.
⒍ hiki ke hana
ʻO PVC kahi polymer amorphous me kahi helu heheʻe ʻole.He plastik ia ke hoʻomehana ʻia i 120 ~ 150 ℃.Ma muli o kona kūpa'a wela maika'i'ole, loa'a ka HCl li'ili'i ma kēia mahana, e ho'oikaika ana i kona decomposition.No laila, pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka alkaline stabilizer a me ka HCl i mea e pale aku ai i kāna hana hoʻoheheʻe catalytic.He mea paʻakikī ka PVC maʻemaʻe, pono e hoʻohui ʻia me ka nui o ka plasticizer e hoʻomaʻamaʻa.No nā huahana like ʻole, pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui e like me UV absorbers, fillers, lubricants, pigments, anti mildew agents a pēlā aku e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana o nā huahana PVC.E like me nā plastics ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā waiwai o ka resin e hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o nā huahana.No ka PVC, ʻo nā waiwai resin e pili ana i ka hoʻoili ʻana e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kaumaha molekala, ka maka iʻa, ka nui nui, ka maʻemaʻe, nā haumia haole a me ka porosity.Pono e hoʻoholo ʻia nā waiwai viscosity a me gelatinization o PVC paste, paste, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-07-2022