ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastik e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka ʻōpala plastic a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā mea hana i nā huahana kūpono.Ua ʻike ʻia kēia hana ʻo ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe plastik.ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastic ka mea e hōʻemi i nā helu kiʻekiʻe o ka pollution plastic me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā mea puʻupaʻa e hana i nā huahana plastik hou.Kōkua kēia ala i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai a hoʻohuli i nā plastics mai nā pae ʻāina a i ʻole nā wahi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia e like me ke kai.
ʻO ka pono no ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastik
He mau mea paʻa, maʻalahi a maʻalahi nā plastik.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā huahana like ʻole e loaʻa ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka plethora o nā noi.I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 miliona mau tons plastics i hana ʻia a puni ka honua.Ma kahi o 200 biliona paona o nā mea plastik hou i thermoformed, foamed, laminated a extruded i loko o nā miliona o nā pūʻolo a me nā huahana.No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻohana hou ʻana, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā plastics.
He aha nā plastik e hiki ke hana hou?
ʻEono ʻano maʻamau o nā plastics.Eia kekahi mau huahana maʻamau āu e ʻike ai no kēlā me kēia plastic:
PS (Polystyrene) – Ka laʻana: nā kīʻaha inu wela, nā ʻoki ʻilika, nā ipu, a me ka yogurt.
PP (Polypropylene) – Laʻana: pahu ʻaina awakea, pahu meaʻai lawe ʻia, pahu hau.
LDPE (Polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa) – Laʻana: pahu ʻōpala a me nā ʻeke.
PVC (Plasticised Polyvinyl chloride a i ʻole polyvinyl chloride)—Laʻana: cordial, wai a i ʻole nā ʻōmole kaomi.
HDPE (Polyethylene kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe) – Laʻana: pahu shampoo a i ʻole nā hue waiu.
PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) – Laʻana: wai huaʻai a me nā ʻōmole inu ʻoluʻolu.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka PET, HDPE, a me nā huahana plastik PVC wale nō i hana hou ʻia ma lalo o nā papahana hoʻoheheʻe curbside.ʻAʻole hana hou ʻia ʻo PS, PP, a me LDPE no ka mea, ua paʻa kēia mau mea palaka i loko o nā lako hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā keʻena hana hou e hiki ai ke haki a paʻa paha.ʻAʻole hiki ke hana hou ʻia nā poʻi a me nā ʻōmole.ʻO ka "recycle or Not to Recycle" he nīnau nui i ka wā e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka plastic.ʻAʻole hana hou ʻia kekahi ʻano plastik no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hana pēlā.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻoiaʻiʻo no ka hoʻohana hou ʻana i ka plastik
I kēlā me kēia hola, hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻAmelika i 2.5 miliona mau hue plastik, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea i hoʻolei ʻia.
Ma kahi o 9.1% o ka hana plastik i hana hou ʻia i ka US i ka makahiki 2015, e ʻokoʻa ana ma ka ʻano huahana.Ua hoʻohana hou ʻia ka ʻeke palaki ma 14.6%, nā waiwai paʻa paʻa i ka 6.6%, a me nā waiwai paʻa ʻole ma 2.2%.
I kēia manawa, ʻo 25 ka nui o ka ʻōpala plastic i hana hou ʻia ma ʻEulopa.
Ua hana hou ka poʻe ʻAmelika i 3.14 miliona tons plastics i ka makahiki 2015, mai 3.17 miliona i ka makahiki 2014.
He 88% ka emi o ka ikehu ma mua o ka hana 'ana i ka plastic mai nā mea maka hou.
I kēia manawa, ma kahi o 50% o nā plastics a mākou e hoʻohana ai e kiola ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana hoʻokahi.
He 10% ka nui o ka hana ʻōpala honua i nā plastik.
Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā plastik i nā haneli mau makahiki
ʻO nā ʻilika e pau ana i loko o ke kai e wāwahi ʻia i ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi o 100,000 mau mammals moana a me hoʻokahi miliona manu kai e make i ka ʻai ʻana i kēlā mau ʻāpana plastik.
ʻO ka ikehu i mālama ʻia mai ka hana hou ʻana i hoʻokahi ʻōmole plastik hiki ke hoʻohana i kahi ʻōpuʻu kukui 100 watt no kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi hola.
Ke Kaʻina Hana Hou
ʻO ka maʻalahi o nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe plastik e pili ana i ka hōʻiliʻili, ka wehe ʻana, ka ʻokiʻoki, ka holoi ʻana, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a me ka pelletizing.ʻOkoʻa nā kaʻina hana maoli ma muli o ka resin plastic a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka huahana plastic.
Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā keʻena hana hoʻoheheʻe plastik i kēia kaʻina hana ʻelua:
KaʻAnuʻu ʻAkahi: Hoʻokaʻawale i nā plastics a i ʻole me kahi ʻano manual e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā mea haumia a pau mai ke kahawai ʻōpala plastik.
KaʻAnuʻu ʻElua: Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā plastik i loko o kahi ʻano hou a i ʻole ʻoki ʻia i loko o nā flakes a laila heheʻe ma mua o ka hana ʻia ʻana i loko o nā granula.
ʻO nā holomua hou loa i ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastik
ʻO ka hoʻomau hou ʻana i nā ʻenehana hana hou i maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai.Aia i loko o ia mau ʻenehana nā mea ʻike hilinaʻi a me nā polokalamu hoʻoholo a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana e hoʻonui pū i ka huahana a me ka pololei o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā plastics.No ka laʻana, hiki i nā mea ʻike FT-NIR ke holo a hiki i 8,000 mau hola ma waena o nā hewa o nā mea ʻike.
ʻO kekahi mea hou kaulana i ka hana ʻana i ka plastik ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā noi waiwai kiʻekiʻe no nā polymers recycled i nā kaʻina hana recycling paʻa.Mai ka makahiki 2005, no ka laʻana, hiki i nā pepa PET no ka thermoforming ma UK ke loaʻa he 50 pākēneka a 70 pākēneka PET recycled ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana papa A/B/A.
I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau ʻāina EU me Kelemania, Sepania, Italia, Norewai, a me Austria i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā ʻōpala paʻa e like me nā ipu hao, nā pahu, a me nā pā a me ka palena palena o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma hope o ka mea kūʻai aku.Ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana i nā ʻenehana holoi holoi a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ua hiki ke hana hou ʻia o ka ʻeke plastik ʻole.
Nā Luʻi no ka ʻOihana Hoʻopaʻa Hou
He nui nā pilikia o ka hana hou ʻana i ka palaki, mai nā plastic i hui pū ʻia a hiki i nā koena paʻakikī e wehe.ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūpono a me ka hana hou ʻana o ke kahawai plastik hui pū ʻia paha ka paʻakikī nui loa e kū nei i ka ʻoihana hana hou.Manaʻo ka poʻe loea ʻo ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka ʻeke plastik a me nā huahana plastik ʻē aʻe me ka hana hou ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo hiki ke hana nui i ke alo i kēia pilikia.
ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻeke maʻalahi ma hope o ka mea kūʻai aku he pilikia hana hou.ʻAʻole hōʻiliʻili ka hapa nui o nā hale hoʻolaʻa waiwai a me nā luna kūloko ma muli o ka nele o nā lako e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi a maʻalahi.
Ua lilo ka pollution plastic Oceanic i wahi uila no ka hopohopo lehulehu.Manaʻo ʻia e pākolu ka ʻilika moana i nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana, a ua hoʻoikaika ka hopohopo lehulehu i nā hui alakaʻi a puni ka honua e hana i ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka pollution.
Nā Kānāwai Pa'i Pa'i
Ua koi ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o nā hue plastik i kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika e like me Kaleponi, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, a me Wisconsin.E ʻoluʻolu e hahai i nā loulou e ʻike i nā kikoʻī o nā kānāwai hoʻoheheʻe plastik i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina.
Nānā i mua
He mea koʻikoʻi ka hana hou ʻana i ka hoʻokele plastik hope o ke ola.ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hana hou ʻana ma muli o ka ʻike nui ʻana o ka lehulehu a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono o nā hana hana hou.E kākoʻo ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka hana e ka hoʻomau mau ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i kahi ʻano nui o nā huahana plastic post-consumer a me ka hoʻopili ʻana e hoʻoikaika hou i ka hana hou ʻana a hoʻohuli i nā ʻōpala palaka hope loa mai nā pae ʻāina.Hiki i nā ʻoihana a me nā mea hana kulekele ke kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana hana hou ʻana ma o ka koi ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka resin recycled me nā plastik puʻupaʻa.
Nā Hui ʻOihana Hoʻopiʻi Paʻi Paʻa
ʻO nā hui ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe plastik nā kino ke kuleana no ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i ka plastik recycling, hiki i nā lālā ke kūkulu a mālama i nā pilina ma waena o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe plastik, a me ka lobbying me ke aupuni a me nā hui ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kaiapuni maikaʻi loa no ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe plastik.
ʻO ka Association of Plastic Recyclers (APR): Hōʻike ʻo APR i ka ʻoihana hana hoʻoheheʻe honua.Hōʻike ia i kona mau lālā e pili ana i nā hui hoʻoheheʻe plastik o nā nui āpau, nā ʻoihana huahana plastik mea kūʻai aku, nā mea hana hana hoʻoheheʻe plastik, nā hale hoʻokolohua hoʻāʻo a me nā hui i kūpaʻa i ka holomua a me ka kūleʻa o ka hana hou ʻana.He nui nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao ʻo APR e hōʻano hou i kona mau lālā e pili ana i nā ʻenehana hou a me nā mea hoʻomohala.
Plastics Recyclers Europe (PRE): Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1996, hōʻike ʻo PRE i nā mea hoʻohana hou i ʻEulopa.I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 115 mau lālā mai ʻEulopa.I ka makahiki mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ua hana hou nā lālā PRE i 200 000 tons o ka ʻōpala plastik, akā i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia manawa ma mua o 2.5 miliona mau.Hoʻonohonoho ʻo PRE i nā hōʻikeʻike hoʻoheheʻe plastik a me nā hālāwai makahiki e hiki ai i kona mau lālā ke kūkākūkā i nā hanana hou a me nā pilikia i ka ʻoihana.
Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI): ʻO ISRI ka mea ma luna o 1600 liʻiliʻi a nui nā hui multinational me nā mea hana, nā mea hana, nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻano mea like ʻole.Aia nā lālā hui o kēia hui ma Wakinekona DC i nā lako a me nā mea lawelawe nui i ka ʻoihana hana hou.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-27-2020